{"id":877,"date":"2020-12-15T21:42:35","date_gmt":"2020-12-15T20:42:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/?p=877"},"modified":"2021-02-26T13:43:33","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T12:43:33","slug":"fast-range-expansion-in-a-cold-specialist-lizard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/?p=877","title":{"rendered":"Fast range expansion in a cold-specialist lizard"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In a recent research project coordinated by Jean Clobert and Fabien Aubret at SETE CNRS research station, Andr\u00e9az Dupou\u00e9 sampled tens of common lizard populations (<em>Zootoca vivipara<\/em>) from the rear edge of the distribution in lowland areas and nearby sea level to the lead edge of the distribution in highland Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es mountain. Sponsored by <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/fr-fr.facebook.com\/ectopyr\/\" target=\"_blank\">Ectopyr<\/a> and <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sentinelles-climat.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Sentinelles du climat<\/a> grant,  this sampling program allowed for the first time a detailed analysis of the genetic footprints of range expansion, habitat fragmentation and climate change in this cold-specialist lizard species found in our mountain range in France. Neutral genetic markers were collected from each sample and their variation was compared between four different ecological units: the rear edge in the Landes forest, an admixture zone and the continuous range in the Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es foothills and the lead edge in highland areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Field site in Ari\u00e8ge\" data-id=\"94\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/home\/20190429_170345\/\" class=\"wp-image-94\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190429_170345-1980x1485.jpg 1980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Field site in Ari\u00e8ge foothills<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190428_125854_small-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Field site in France\" data-id=\"202\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190428_125854_small.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/20190428_125854_small\/\" class=\"wp-image-202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190428_125854_small-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190428_125854_small-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190428_125854_small-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190428_125854_small-1080x810.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/20190428_125854_small.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Field site located in Cuguron, Haute Garonne, lowland area<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190417_125941-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"878\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190417_125941-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/?attachment_id=878\" class=\"wp-image-878\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190417_125941-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190417_125941-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190417_125941-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190417_125941-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190417_125941-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190417_125941-1080x810.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Field site in the Landes, rear edge<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190428_164343-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Etang de Lers, highland\" data-id=\"879\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190428_164343-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/?attachment_id=879\" class=\"wp-image-879\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190428_164343-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190428_164343-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190428_164343-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190428_164343-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190428_164343-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/20190428_164343-1080x810.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Highland lake of Lers, lead edge of the distribution<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Results were strikingly similar to those predicted by a model of genetic structure designed to capture the population history and dynamics from the rear to the lead edge (<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2005.00739.x\" target=\"_blank\">Hampe and Petit, Ecology Letters 2005<\/a>). Within the rear edge, we observed the highest levels of inbreeding, genetic differentiation and evidence of interrupted gene flow compared to central or lead edge areas of the distribution. This demonstrates that these relic populations, despite containing a significant genetic diversity globally, are highly fragmented and disconnected, probably as a consequence of climate warming and land use &#8211; remember we are in the Landes, a man made highly artificial ecosystem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"944\" src=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Figure1_Structure-oviparous.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 1 - Diversity and distributions\" class=\"wp-image-886\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Figure1_Structure-oviparous.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Figure1_Structure-oviparous-300x283.jpg 300w, https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Figure1_Structure-oviparous-768x725.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Within the leading edge, altitudinal range expansion high up on the mountains occurred over the last centuries and populations showed relatively low genetic diversity, probably as a consequence of founder effects. The recent range expansion is quite surprising and suggests that these species can disperse over significant distances when local habitat conditions improved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In general, the demographic and genetic trends were better explained by  climate conditions and forest cover. Relative abundance of lizards was smaller in the warm and dry lead edge populations. Inbreeding increased in landscapes less dominated by forests and in warmer climates. Genetic differentiation was higher in colder and more open landscapes. Genetic isolation by distance was relatively obvious but stronger in the leading edge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These findings suggest unique genetic footprints of range expansion and environmental conditions that should promote the conservation of populations from the rear to the lead edge of the populations if ones would like to save genetic diversity and potential evolvability of this species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Dupou\u00e9, A, Trochet, A, Richard, M, et al. Genetic and demographic trends from rear to leading edge are explained by climate and forest cover in a cold\u2010adapted ectotherm. <em>Divers Distrib<\/em>. 2020; 00: 1\u2013 15.<\/p><cite><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ddi.13202\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ddi.13202<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Determining whether altitudinal shifts in species distributions leave molecular footprints on wild populations along their range margins from rear to leading edge<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-877","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research","no-featured-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/877","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=877"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/877\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":887,"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/877\/revisions\/887"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=877"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=877"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lizardecology.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=877"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}